High-frequency magneto.



T. M. MUELLER.

HIGH FR APPLICATION FILED AUG. 4, 1908.

EQUENGY MAGNETO.

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' T. M. MUELLER. HIGH FREQUENCY MAGNETO. APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 4, 1908.

958,754.` 'i l i Patentedmayzll, 1910.

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A TTURNYS pose being to provide UNITED srapipis'rgrnnr THEoDon ivi.MUELLER, or New Yonai N.: YJ

HIGH-FREQUENCY MAGNE'ro.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that MUELLER, and a resident of the city of New York,borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have inventeda new and Improved High Frequency Magneto, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to magnetos, my pura machine having a wide range ofadaptability as regards the frequency, and wave form of the current thatmay be generated, but the frequency is dependent upon the speed ofrotation of the ,m achiiie.

More particularly stated, my invention coinprehends a dynamo of themagneto type, in 'which' the magnetic 'flux passes between iron poleswhich are normally stationary, the magnetic flux being periodicallyinterrupted u by a slotted cylindrical-shaped inductor, having aconsiderable length extending through a number of separate parts ofiron.

My invention further contemplates a magneto-electric machine having aslotted cylindrical inductormember, pole pieces always stationary, andother pole pieces normally stationary but adjustable at will and matingthe pole pieces just mentioned, the 'slotted inductor being providedwith iron meinbers which periodicallypass between the pol-e pieces whichare always stationary and those which are normali stationary butadjustable; 'so as to vary, break o-r reverse the How of the magnetic uxpassing through the various iron parts constituting its path.

My invention further contemplates means whereby the adjustment of thestationary pole member, at the will of the operator, changes thecharacter, or direction (as-thc case may be) of the flux as it passes.through its lengthy path, thus materially ,changing the character, ofthe currents generated.

My invention further comprises certain improvements 0f a generalcharacter relative to magneto construction and. conducive to compactnessand general eiiiciency of the various parts of the machine.

Reference is to b e had to the accompanyl ing drawings forming a. partof this specilication, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the VYfigures.

Specication of Letters Patent. Application led August 4, 1908.4

I, THEoDon MAR'riN j a subject of the German Emperor,

Patentedfriayf 1910, Seriana/Mesas.

Figure l is a plan viewjofI the magneto complete; Fig. 2 is' aysubstantially central vertical -section through the 'construction shownin Fig'. 1 andexhibits the outer pole pieces, tionary but adjustablevmembers disposed concentric to the outer 'pole pieces and madeadjustable relatively to the same, and the slotted cylindrical inductormember which is as nearly as practicable disposed intermediate the outerpole pieces and the inner pole pieces and is free to revolve by aid ofthe pulley shown at the left. Fig. 3 is a substantially central verticaltransverse section through the construction shown in Figs.-

through the' 1 and 2, the sectionbeing taken inductor and midway of itslength. Figs. i otherwise similar to Fig. 3, but showing the inner polepieces or adjustable stationary members so adjusted that thedistribution of the magnetic flux, su'ch as toicause the machine tooperate as a generator of alternating currents having sine waves, thesecurrents making four complete periods or cycles per revolution of theslotteV cylindrical inductor member. Fig. 4a shows a diagrammatic symbolrepresentincr an alternating current made by the machine when in thecondition shown by Figs. 4 and 5; Figs. 6 and 7 indicate the action ofthe machinewhen the inner pole pieces are given a still furtheradjustment, so that the machine now generates alternating currents offour complete periods per revolution, the rise in potential, however,being much steeper at one moment than at another, so that the riseandfall of the potential are distorted, and the two 'half waves of oneperiod are not alike; Fig. 7a is a diagram representing the rise andfall of the potential of current generated by the machine under'-conditions represented by Figs. 6 and 7.

My invention is particularly designed for the production of highfrequency and high potential alternating currents, of various waveforms: also for the production of direct pulsating currents of highfrequency and high potential. y Some of the various uses to which myinvention are applied ara-for ignition purposes as applied to internalcombustion engines, or by certain adjustments it may be employed as adirect current generator.

the inner pole-pieces or normally stawhile the machine is in action, is

My invention proceeds, to some extent, upon the idea that ina generatorof the magneto type, the currents generated may varied considerably intheir Socalled wave-forms, by adjusting certain pole pieces relativelyto other pole pieces, so that both the direction and intensity. of the`lines of magnetic flux may be changed. The net result is that in myconstructionslight adjustment of the inner stationary pole membersenables the machines to generate currents differing widely from eachother as regards theirl character or wave form. One adjustment producesalternating currents of the sine wave form; and still another adjustmentproducing currents wherein the positive portion of the wave is. diierentfrom the negative portion of the wave.

Mounted upon a base 28 is a metallic framework 29 supporting magneticpoles 3l, 33 which are secured to the ends of a permanent magnet 34 andlying in a horizontal plane; also poles30,A 32 of soft iron in which themagnetism is transient only, being periodically induced therein, ashereinafter deii scribed. y

Disposed concentrically to the magnet 34 and partially encircling thesame is a magnet 35, these two magnets constituting a lield of force inthey poles 3l, Disposed intermediate the poles 30, 32 is an inductioncoil 37 provided with a core 36. rlhis induction coil is ofsubstantiallycylindrical form and is therefore concentric with the inner surfaces ofthe permanent magnets 34, 35. This renders the arrangement com- -pactand. also increases the inductance of the induction coil 37 owing to itsclose proximity to the mass of magnetic material contained in thevarious magnets. lnside of the magnets 34, 35 is a space 38, anddisposed within this space and supported upon the magnet 35 is a bracketor bar 40 provided with ends 39 for this purpose. A spider 4l isprovided with an annular bearing 42. Extending through the annularbearing 42 is a revoluble stem 43 whereby it may be turned. An inductor45, having substantially a general cylindrical form, is provided withslots 46 Vand with soft iron members 47, 48, 49, 50, these member" beingof substantially arcuate form in cross section, as will be understoodfrom Fig. 3. Pole pieces 5l, 52, of soft iron, and each having the formof a segment, are connected together by a spacer of brass or othernon-magnetic material, these parts having the respective shapesindicated in igs. 2 and 3. The spacer 53 is provided with neck 53a.which extends into the. stem 43, the latter being' fashioned to receiveit and thus serving as a bearing for supporting the core and partsimmediatelv connected with the same. An arm is mounted rig- Y idly uponthe spacer 53 and is tused for turning the same slightly in order toadjust the spacer and its accompanying parts. A set screw 55 isrevolubly mounted in the yoke 40 and is used to secure the spacer 53against rotation. ln order to adjust the spacer 53, the set screw 55 isloosened and after the adjustment is made, the screw is tightened. Theoperator, by graspin(r the handle 54 and loosening the screw may' turnthe spacer 53 into various positions, some of which, for purposeselsewhere specified, are shown in the various figures.

The pole pieces 3l, 33 being in close proximity to the ends of thepermanent magnets are always of opposite polarity, one alwaysrepresenting the North-seeking pole and the other representing4 theSouth-seeking pole of a permanent magnet. `Vith regard to the polepieces 30, 32, however, the situation is different. These pole pieces,together with the core 3G, are of soft iron. Hence the pole pieces 30,32 have no permanent polarity. lf either of the latter happens to be sosituated that the magnetic lines can fiow through it in such directionas to make it, for the moment, a North-seeking pole, it becomes such.If, for the moment, it happens to be so situated that the lines of forcetend to malte it a South-seeking pole, it becomes the same. Hence, themagnetism in the pole pieces 30, 32 is transient and reversible indirection, whereas that of the pole ieces 31, 33 remains constant andunchanged). Bearing this explanationin mind, it will readily be seenthat a lengthy magnetic lcircuit through the permanent magnets andthrough the pole pieces 3l, 33 of these magnets, may be completed ineither of two directions through the pole pieces 30, 32 and the core 36,connecting themV together, the direction of the line of force throughthe pole pieces 30, 32 being dependent upon the relative positions ofthe induetors 47, 48, 49, 50. lt will also be seen that by turning theinductor the constantly shifting position of the several iron members47, 48, 49, 50 may open and close the magnetic circuit through the`permanent magnets and may also change the direction ot' How of themagnetic lines relatively to the pole pieces 5l, 52 and the spacer 53,it being understood that these parts are included in the magneticcircuit. rThis much being admitted, it will be seen that the windingvofwire upon the core 36 will have set up in it rents, the character ofwhich will vary with motions of the inductor.

The operation of my device is as follows and may be more readilyunderstood by reference 'to Figs. 4 adjust the machine for thegeneration of alternating currents, t-he arm 54 is turned so that theinner pole pieces 5l, 52 occupy the positions indicated in Figs. 4 and 5,that is to the centrai line through the pole momentary curto 7inclusive :In order to spacer 53 is now ocke'd by aid of the set offorce to crossfrom magnetic lines,

member 47, pole piece 51,

Y turning 'piisilg 52 and s acer 53 is vertical. The

screw 55,-as will be understood from Fig. 2. Power now being appliedtothe pulley 44, the inductor, and-nothing else, is turned. Suppose thatat the start the inductor hap pens to occupy theposition indicated inFig. 4. Suppose., further, (for convenience) that the flowI of the"magnetic lines is from the pole-piece 33 and toward the pole piece 31,of the permanent magnets 34 and 35. The intervening path being made upprincipally o soft iron, the parts will enable the lines the onepermanent magnet pole to the other, the direction of the however, beinggreatly distorted. The complete magnetic circuit isJ as follows: polepiece 33, iron member 50, pole piece52, iron member 49, pole'piece 32,core 36 (see Figs. 2. and 4), pole piece 30, iron iron' member 48, polepiece31 to permanent magnets 34, 35, thence back to pole piece 33. Thiscauses in the winding upon the core 36 a momentary current having onedirection. The of the inductor soon moves the iron members 47, 48, 49,50 a little farther, as indicated in Fig. 5, and now the magneticcircuit may be traced as follows: pole piece 33, iron member 50, polepiece 51, iron member 47, pole piece 30, core`36, pole piece 32, iron vmember 49, pole piece 52, iron member 48,

. Similar to -that movement of `to assume the position indicated inFig.;5, the result being another reversal of the cur- .rent generated.Similar reversals are made bythe further movements of the inductor.

through all of the pole pieces except those leach direction foreach'revolution of the inthe machine gives with form of the potential'and current. This I pole piece 31, topermanent magnets 34,35,thencethroughgthese to pole piece 33. As may be seen-l by contrastingthe arrows the lines of force through the pole pieces 30, 32 is in Fig.`5 reversed relatively to their direction of travel in Fig. 4. Therotary movement of the inductor being continued, the lines of forceagain change direction numbered 31, 33, the result being/a currentformed when .the parts are in the-position indicated in Fig. 4. Afurther the inductorcauses the parts In this instance therunning of themachine causes the generation of four curi-ents in ductor; that is tosay, this'adjustment founcomplete periods per revolution. Suppose, now,that we'wish the machine to generate an alternating current havingconsiderable distortion ofthe wave accomplish by a further adjustment ofthe arm 54. This arm is turned until the pole pieces 51, 52 and thespacer 53 assume the respective positions indicated for these parts inFigs. 6 and 7. "The position is attained when the central line throughthe pole pieces Having thus 51,52'r'and the spacer is .oblique 224degrees from the vertical; in other words, the center line through thepole pieces 51, 52 and spacer53 is inclined in a contraclockwisedirectio`n to the extent indicated in Figs. 6 and 7. The inductor beingnow turned in a clockwise direction, the lines o-force alternate indirection through the pole pieces 30, 32, the result being analternating current of thegeneral type indicatedin Fig. 7 a, thepotential and amperage of this vcurrent being distorted, as will beunderstood from the curve represented by the iigure last mentioned, inwhich it will be observed'that the curve does not representI a true sinecurve,-

of the inductor as stationary while the ma- 'chine is in action, I donot limit myself to this exact construction, as mechanical reversalsandvequivalents may be employed by persons skilled in the art, and thescope of my invention is not limited to the precise construction shownin the drawings.

n described my'invention, I claim as new and desire tov secure byLetters Patent:

` l. The combination of a permanent magnet provided with poles, amagnetic member, provided with poles and spaced apart from saidpermanent magnet, an inductor having a portion adapted to pass succes-4sively all of said poles, and a core disposed intermediate said magnetpoles and also innetizable circuit provided withfa winding,

and an inductor element movable relatively to said magnet and purpose ofaffecting lines of force extending from said ma net to said pole pieceand said circuit, where y a current will be induced in said winding,substantially as described.

3. The combinationof a permanent magnet provided with poles of oppositepolarity, members of magnetic material adapted to be energized inopposite sense by induction from said magnet poles, a revoluble inductorprovided with members of magnetic material movable relativelyv to saidmagnet poles and termediate said polesof magnetic material. 2. Thecombination ofa permanent magy iis to said pole piece for the also tosaid members of magnetic material, a member having portions of soft ironmounted within said revoluble inductor, and means controllable at Willfor partially turning said member having portions of soft iron withinsaid inductor for the purpose of efiiecting the distribution ofthemagnetic field from said magnet through said inductor.'

il. The combination of a magnet, a revoluble inductor of substantiallycylindrical form provided with members of magnetic material to be actedupon by said magnet, and a stationary member mounted Within saidrevoluble inductor, said stationary member comprising a plurality ofmembers of magnetic material separated from each other by a non-magneticsubstance, and means including a magnetizable circuit, operativelylocated with relation to the stationary member, a coil thereon, wherebya current ma be induced in saidV coil, substantially as described. Y

5. rlfhe combination of a magnet rovi'ded with poles, a revoluble membera ected by the magnetic lines of force from said poles -for the purposeof generating electric currents, and a member concentric to saidrevoluble member and adjustable in relation .to said permanent magnet, amagnetic circuit having its poles spaced from the poles of said magnet,a coil thereon, whereby alternating currents may be generated,substantially as described.

G. The combination with poles, a revoluble inductormember disposedadjacent to said poles for the purpose of generating electric currents,and comprising four iron membersspaced apart, a plurality of normallystationary pole pieces, means for adjusting the same, a magnetic circuitarranged in quadrature to the poles of said magnet, a coil thereon,whereby when the inductor member is rotated an alternating currenthaving four periods per revolution will be induced in said coil,substantially as described.

rlhe combination of a plurality of permanent magnets, each orsubstantially horseshoe form and provided with poles, a hollow,revoluble inductor member disposed adjacent to said poles and concentricto the same, a plurality or" pole pieces mounted within said inductor,and a spacer of non-magnetic i material disposed intermediate said polepieces, and means, including -a laminated magnetic circuit provided witha coil there on for receiving the ilux from said magnets, as' modifiedby said inductor, whereby a current may be induced in said coilsubstantially '5 as described.

8. The combination of a plurality or' permanent magnets, each ofsubstantially horseshoe form and provided with poles, a revolubleinductor disposed adjacent to said poles and concentric 'to the same,plurality or of a magnet provided within the poles of the 'intermediatesaid pole-pieces, and means for adjusting said pole-pieces relatively tosaid magnets, a magnetizable circuit having its poles arranged ininductive relation to said inductor and pole-pieces, a coil thereon,whereby an alternating current may be induced in said coil, and wherebythe waveV form of said currents may be varied, subf stantially asdescribed.

9. The combination of a permanent magnet provided with p oles, arevoluble member disposed adjacent to said poles and allected by thelines of force therefrom for the purpose of generating electric,currents, and mechanism, including a member of soft iron, disposedadjacent to said magnets for the purpose of changing the direction ofthe magnetic lines from said magnets and through said revoluble member,a magnetizable circuit and a coil thereon, disposed in inductiverelation to said magnet,` substantially as described. y

l0. The combination of a permanent magnet provided with poles,magnetizable members provided with poles, an induction coil on themembers, said poles of said members being disposed intermediate thepoles of said permanent magnet, and a slotted revoluble inductordisposed adjacent to all of said poles for the purpose of generatingelectric currents, and a. magnetic member for directing the linx fromthe permanent magnet to the core of the induction coil, substantially asdescribed.

11. The combination with permanent magnets, a soft iron member arrangedin quadrature to the permanent magnets, an induction coil, the core ofwhich is included in the magnetic circuit of said soft iron members,sector-shaped members arranged within the poles of the permanent magnetsand said members, and a cylindrical shaped" inductor member adapted forrotation and disposed between said poles and the sectorshaped members,substantially as described.

l2. rl`he `combination with permanent magnets, a soft iron memberarranged in quadrature to the permanent magnets, an induction coil, thecore of which is included in the magnetic circuit or' the said soft ironmembers, sector-shaped members arranged permanent magnets and saidmembers, and a cylindrical shaped inductor member adapted for rotationand disposed between said poles and the sectorshaped members7 and meansfor adjusting the sector-shaped members, substantially as described.

13. rllie combination with permanent magnets, a soft iron memberarranged in quadrature to the permanent magnets,A an induction coil, thecore of which is included the magnetic circuit or said soi" ironmembers, sector-shaped members. arranged name to this specification inthe presence @f Within the poles of the'permanent magnets twosubscribing Witnesses.

and said members, and e slotted cylindrical shaped inductor memberadapted for r0ta- THEODOR M' MUELLER' tonrand disposed between saidpoles and -the Witnesses: members, substantially as described. 4 GEORGEH. BOYN'ION, Intestimony whereof I beveA signed my ALBERT H. FOSTER.y

